Microglia

Microglia are specialized immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) that serve as the brain’s primary resident macrophages, responsible for immune surveillance, synaptic pruning, and maintaining neural homeostasis. They detect and respond to cellular stress, injury signals, or environmental changes by modulating inflammatory responses, clearing cellular debris, and supporting neuronal survival. Microglia are central to neuroscience research, neuroinflammation studies, and investigations into brain development, synaptic plasticity, and CNS maintenance, providing critical insights into cellular communication and immune-neural interactions.